{"id":2758,"date":"2026-09-02T06:11:36","date_gmt":"2026-09-02T06:11:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/?p=2758"},"modified":"2026-09-07T05:51:43","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T05:51:43","slug":"ductile-iron-vs-cast-iron-manhole-covers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/ductile-iron-vs-cast-iron-manhole-covers\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#introduction\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#what-is-a-ductile-iron-manhole-cover\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#ductile-iron-and-cast-iron-are-not-the-same-material\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#why-graphite-structure-matters-in-manhole-cover-performance\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#strength-vs-toughness-an-important-distinction\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629: \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-load-classes-affect-manhole-cover-selection\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#where-ductile-iron-manhole-covers-perform-particularly-well\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#municipal-roads-and-urban-streets\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#high-traffic-commercial-areas\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#industrial-parks\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#ports-and-terminals\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#utility-and-inspection-chambers\">\u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#ductile-iron-vs-cast-iron-under-repeated-traffic-loading\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#the-importance-of-the-manhole-cover-and-frame-as-a-system\">\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#round-vs-square-ductile-iron-manhole-covers\">\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#round-covers\">\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#square-covers\">\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#anti-slip-surface-design-and-road-safety\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#why-frame-stability-can-affect-road-noise\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#corrosion-and-environmental-exposure\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#ductile-iron-vs-composite-resin-when-material-priorities-change\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#common-causes-of-premature-manhole-cover-problems\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#incorrect-load-class\">\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#poor-frame-support\">\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#incorrect-dimensions\">\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#pavement-settlement\">\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#debris-in-the-seating-area\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#inappropriate-material-for-the-environment\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-to-specify-a-ductile-iron-manhole-cover\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#1-define-the-installation-zone\">1. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-determine-the-required-load-class\">2. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-confirm-clear-opening-and-external-dimensions\">3. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-evaluate-traffic-frequency\">4. \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-evaluate-environmental-exposure\">5. \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-determine-functional-requirements\">6. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#what-engineers-should-check-before-finalizing-a-cover\">\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#manufacturing-quality-matters-as-much-as-material-name\">\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#when-conventional-cast-iron-may-still-be-appropriate\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#why-ductile-iron-has-become-important-in-modern-infrastructure\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#conclusion\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#frequently-asked-questions\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#what-is-the-main-difference-between-ductile-iron-and-cast-iron-manhole-covers\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#is-a-ductile-iron-manhole-cover-suitable-for-heavy-traffic\">\u0647\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#does-a-heavier-manhole-cover-automatically-have-a-higher-load-capacity\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#should-ductile-iron-always-be-chosen-instead-of-conventional-cast-iron\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#what-information-should-be-provided-when-specifying-a-ductile-iron-manhole-cover\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u061f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"introduction\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sacacsavdasdbwsfd.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1699\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:500px;height:400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sacacsavdasdbwsfd.jpg 900w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sacacsavdasdbwsfd-300x233.jpg 300w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sacacsavdasdbwsfd-768x597.jpg 768w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/sacacsavdasdbwsfd-600x467.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a 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\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629.\u201c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623 <strong>\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/strong> \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"what-is-a-ductile-iron-manhole-cover\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ductile_iron\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a>, \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"strength-vs-toughness-an-important-distinction\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629: \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 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\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0646\u0635 Shengxin Foundry \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 A15 \u0625\u0644\u0649 F900<\/strong>, \u060c \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/th><th>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>\u062315<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628125<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062c250<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D400<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>E600<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F900<\/td><td>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"where-ductile-iron-manhole-covers-perform-particularly-well\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"high-traffic-commercial-areas\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"industrial-parks\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shengxin Foundry \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"ports-and-terminals\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"utility-and-inspection-chambers\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"ductile-iron-vs-cast-iron-under-repeated-traffic-loading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0645. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641. \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"the-importance-of-the-manhole-cover-and-frame-as-a-system\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdsa.jpg\" alt=\"\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\" class=\"wp-image-370\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:500px;height:400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdsa.jpg 800w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdsa-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdsa-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdsa-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdsa-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdsa-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0637\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 Shengxin Foundry \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0640 <a href=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/cast-iron-manhole-frame-and-cover-essential-for-urban-infrastructure\/\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"round-vs-square-ductile-iron-manhole-covers\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"round-covers\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"square-covers\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"anti-slip-surface-design-and-road-safety\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"why-frame-stability-can-affect-road-noise\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u062f\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0635\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"corrosion-and-environmental-exposure\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Shengxin Foundry \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"ductile-iron-vs-composite-resin-when-material-priorities-change\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/td><td>\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/td><td>\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td><td>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629<\/td><td>\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"common-causes-of-premature-manhole-cover-problems\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"incorrect-load-class\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"poor-frame-support\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"incorrect-dimensions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"pavement-settlement\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0641<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"debris-in-the-seating-area\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"inappropriate-material-for-the-environment\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u201cheavier \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"how-to-specify-a-ductile-iron-manhole-cover\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdadvadvas.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1017\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:500px;height:400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdadvadvas.jpg 700w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdadvadvas-263x300.jpg 263w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ascascavdadvadvas-600x686.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"1-define-the-installation-zone\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"2-determine-the-required-load-class\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"3-confirm-clear-opening-and-external-dimensions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"4-evaluate-traffic-frequency\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"5-evaluate-environmental-exposure\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"6-determine-functional-requirements\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0641\u0644\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u201ca.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"what-engineers-should-check-before-finalizing-a-cover\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644<\/th><th>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/td><td>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\u061f<\/td><td>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u061f<\/td><td>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u061f<\/td><td>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u061f<\/td><td>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u061f<\/td><td>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627\u061f<\/td><td>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u061f<\/td><td>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u061f<\/td><td>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"manufacturing-quality-matters-as-much-as-material-name\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u201cductile Iron\u201d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 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\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u061b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"why-ductile-iron-has-become-important-in-modern-infrastructure\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 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\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0628 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 Shengxin Foundry \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/product\/\">\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a<\/a> \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"frequently-asked-questions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"what-is-the-main-difference-between-ductile-iron-and-cast-iron-manhole-covers\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"is-a-ductile-iron-manhole-cover-suitable-for-heavy-traffic\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0644 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"does-a-heavier-manhole-cover-automatically-have-a-higher-load-capacity\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627. \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 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\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 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