{"id":2570,"date":"2026-05-28T07:00:57","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T07:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/?p=2570"},"modified":"2026-05-28T07:00:58","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T07:00:58","slug":"cast-iron-drain-grate-for-urban-drainage-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/cast-iron-drain-grate-for-urban-drainage-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud83d\udc49 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61579484674640\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udc49 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 <a href=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/contact-us\/\">\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627<\/a> \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#introduction-to-modern-urban-drainage-engineering\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#cast-iron-drain-grate-in-urban-infrastructure-systems\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#engineering-role-of-cast-iron-drain-grate\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#why-cast-iron-dominates-municipal-drainage\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#international-standards-for-cast-iron-drain-grate-systems\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#en-124-standard-europe\">\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 EN 124 (\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#astm-standards-united-states\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#iso-engineering-framework\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a ISO<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#structural-engineering-of-cast-iron-drain-grate\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#load-transfer-mechanism\">\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#stress-distribution-behavior\">\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#cast-iron-microstructure-advantage\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#fatigue-resistance\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#hydrodynamic-flow-design\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#comparative-analysis-drainage-material-performance\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646: \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#global-urban-case-studies\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#london-metropolitan-drainage-upgrade-program\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#singapore-smart-drainage-system\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#new-york-city-road-drainage-rehabilitation\">\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#engineering-design-considerations\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#load-class-selection-strategy\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#hydraulic-capacity-optimization\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#thermal-expansion-behavior\">\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#installation-engineering-process\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#step-1-foundation-preparation\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#step-2-frame-embedding\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#step-3-mechanical-fixing\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#step-4-load-certification-testing\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 4: \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#maintenance-and-lifecycle-management\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#preventive-maintenance-system\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#common-failure-modes\">\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#frame-loosening\">\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#surface-wear\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#blockage-accumulation\">\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#digital-maintenance-trends\">\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#cost-analysis-and-economic-performance\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#lifecycle-cost-model-30-years\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 (30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#sustainability-and-environmental-impact\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#recyclability-advantage\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#carbon-efficiency-improvements\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#future-trends-in-drainage-systems\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#smart-infrastructure-integration\">\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#high-performance-alloy-cast-iron\">\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#modular-drainage-design\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#conclusion\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#faq\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#why-is-cast-iron-still-used-in-modern-drainage-systems\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#what-is-the-lifespan-of-a-cast-iron-drain-grate\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#can-cast-iron-drain-grates-handle-heavy-trucks\">\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#is-cast-iron-better-than-plastic-drainage-covers\">\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-do-cities-prevent-drain-grate-failure\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u061f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"introduction-to-modern-urban-drainage-engineering\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scaqsdadv.jpg\" alt=\"\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\" class=\"wp-image-374\" style=\"width:500px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scaqsdadv.jpg 800w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scaqsdadv-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scaqsdadv-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scaqsdadv-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scaqsdadv-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/scaqsdadv-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644 <strong>\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 (2023)<\/strong>, \u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 <strong>55% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <strong>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a <strong>\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 40 \u0637\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"cast-iron-drain-grate-in-urban-infrastructure-systems\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"engineering-role-of-cast-iron-drain-grate\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/product\/cast-iron-drain-grate\/\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/strong> \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d 500 \u0628\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 oreth \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"why-cast-iron-dominates-municipal-drainage\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 600.1200 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 (20-50 \u0633\u0646\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 <strong>72% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"international-standards-for-cast-iron-drain-grate-systems\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"en-124-standard-europe\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 EN 124 (\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 EN 124 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/th><th>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/th><th>\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u062315<\/td><td>1.5 \u0637\u0646<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628125<\/td><td>12.5 \u0637\u0646<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062c250<\/td><td>25 \u0637\u0646<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D400<\/td><td>40 \u0637\u0646<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"astm-standards-united-states\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ASTM A48 48 7 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ASTM A536 abs \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>AASHTO M306 4 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"iso-engineering-framework\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a ISO<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ISO 1083 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"structural-engineering-of-cast-iron-drain-grate\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"load-transfer-mechanism\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"stress-distribution-behavior\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"cast-iron-microstructure-advantage\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"fatigue-resistance\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"hydrodynamic-flow-design\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 (\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 15\u00b0 45\u00b0)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"comparative-analysis-drainage-material-performance\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646: \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th><th>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/th><th>\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/td><td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td><td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td><td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td><td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td><td>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td><td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td><td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td><td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627<\/td><td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/td><td>20-50 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td><td>30-60 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td><td>5-15 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td><td>20-40 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td><td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td><td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td><td>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/td><td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"global-urban-case-studies\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"london-metropolitan-drainage-upgrade-program\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 <strong>18.000 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0631\u0641<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 EN 124 D400 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 <strong>22% \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"singapore-smart-drainage-system\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629: \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 <strong>40%<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"new-york-city-road-drainage-rehabilitation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a NYC DOT \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 <strong>35%<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"engineering-design-considerations\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ascavcadvsfbasfbvsw-768x538.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\" class=\"wp-image-2571\" style=\"width:500px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ascavcadvsfbasfbvsw-768x538.jpg.webp 768w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ascavcadvsfbasfbvsw-768x538.jpg-300x210.webp 300w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ascavcadvsfbasfbvsw-768x538.jpg-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ascavcadvsfbasfbvsw-768x538.jpg-600x420.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"load-class-selection-strategy\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 (\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 AADT)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"hydraulic-capacity-optimization\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a (1% \u0639\u0644\u0649 3%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"thermal-expansion-behavior\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"installation-engineering-process\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"step-1-foundation-preparation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"step-2-frame-embedding\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"step-3-mechanical-fixing\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"step-4-load-certification-testing\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 4: \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"maintenance-and-lifecycle-management\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"preventive-maintenance-system\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"common-failure-modes\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"frame-loosening\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"surface-wear\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"blockage-accumulation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"digital-maintenance-trends\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"cost-analysis-and-economic-performance\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"330\" src=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vdsdbgsfbdsngtfd-1024x330.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1772\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:500px;height:400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vdsdbgsfbdsngtfd-1024x330.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vdsdbgsfbdsngtfd-300x97.jpg 300w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vdsdbgsfbdsngtfd-768x248.jpg 768w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vdsdbgsfbdsngtfd-1536x495.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vdsdbgsfbdsngtfd-600x194.jpg 600w, https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vdsdbgsfbdsngtfd.jpg 1550w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"lifecycle-cost-model-30-years\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 (30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/th><th>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062c\u062f\u0627<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>35 tream45% \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"sustainability-and-environmental-impact\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"recyclability-advantage\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0648 <strong>100% \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/strong>, \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"carbon-efficiency-improvements\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 80%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"future-trends-in-drainage-systems\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"smart-infrastructure-integration\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"high-performance-alloy-cast-iron\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"modular-drainage-design\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/product\/cast-iron-drain-grate\/\"><strong>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/strong> <\/a>\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"faq\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"why-is-cast-iron-still-used-in-modern-drainage-systems\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"what-is-the-lifespan-of-a-cast-iron-drain-grate\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623 <a href=\"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/product\/cast-iron-drain-grate\/\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/a>?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 20 \u0625\u0644\u0649 50 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"can-cast-iron-drain-grates-handle-heavy-trucks\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 D400 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"is-cast-iron-better-than-plastic-drainage-covers\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2571,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2570","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2570"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2570\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2572,"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2570\/revisions\/2572"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2570"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2570"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shengxinfoundry.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2570"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}